The U.S. dairy industry had its ups and downs, from the days of American Great Depression to present times. For instance, the consumption of milk declined. An average American consumed 247lb (approx. 108 l) in 1975, and just 146lb (approx. 63l) in 2018. Milk is not the only category that took a hit. Processed cheese was used widely in the fast food joints and diners, however, many Americans have turned away from it in favor of more natural products However, there is one branch of this industry that has been steadily rising regardless of the situation on the market – cheese. Its consumption rose from 14lb (approx. 6.35kg) in 1975, to 38lb (approx. 17.24kg) in 2018.
One of the major factors why cheese is so popular in the United States is pizza. Mozzarella quickly went from rather irrelevant Italian cheese to the most popular sort of cheese. Chain pizzerias, such as Pizza Hut, introduced carry-out and delivery pizzas to the hoi polloi. They have even expanded overseas and brought the same advantages all over the world.
Mozzarella is not the only variety of cheese that rose in popularity. Shredded cheese has flourished so much so that it is earning $6 billion of the entire natural cheese category. According to Paul Ziemnisky, this whole category is worth roughly $18 billion (Ferris, 2020.)
Historically speaking, dairy industry was highly important to the US government. In the late 1940s a legislation, which allowed a government-owned company to purchase dairy products, was passed. This company is called Commodity Credit Corporation and it was founded as a part of the New Deal’s effort to stabilize the prices of dairy industry.
In the 1970s, during the energy crisis, dairy industry was heavily subsidized by the US government. As a result, they were buying milk and were processing it into cheese, butter and many other dairy products. The surplus of produced goods soon reached over 500 million pounds (approx. 226.8 million kg) and was stored in the hundreds of warehouses throughout the united States.
The government did not know what to do with the surplus of the goods produced, especially with cheese that started to mold and deteriorate. In 1981 30 million pounds (approx. 13.6 million kg) of cheese was given away to the elderly, people with low-income and the organizations that served meals to the poor. This cheese was called the “Government Cheese” (Blakemore, 2018.)
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References:
Blakemore, E. (2018, July 26). How the us ended up with warehouses full of 'government cheese'. History.com. https://www.history.com/news/government-cheese-dairy-farmers-reagan.
Ferris, R. (2020, September 10). Why cheese has become so popular in the U.S. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2020/09/10/why-cheese-has-become-so-popular-in-the-us.html.